the same author made some other decent maps too http://gallica.bnf.fr/services/engine/search/sru?operation=searchRetrieve&version=1.2&startRecord=0&maximumRecords=50&page=1&query=%28%28dc.creator%20all%20%22Longnon%2C%20Auguste%22%20or%20dc.contributor%20all%20%22Longnon%2C%20Auguste%22%29%29&filter=dc.type%20all%20%22carte%22

This was a nightmare, when I did some mistakes on the frame on the start, and I had to change almost all of the frames to erase the places of mistake . Open 7 files, copy, paste, paste, paste, save all, close. That is time consuming. But my motivation is "there will be a project , topic of which is NOT observed or remembered. You should close this gap!" So that is why I waste months on a single project if it is original or big. I am trying to be careful and trying to not do mistakes that I will regret later , lol

it got an imperial diploma in 958 that separated it from the marches entirely - extremely early independence grant basically which allowed it a very early start on things like diplomacy and overseas activity, putting it into a similar position as venice and pisa savona wasn't too far off - de facto independent since 1059 - but it just didn't have as much prestige/influence, its independence only being fully recognized until 1191 it didn't stop it from getting quite close to genoa in strength at times though; before its first loss against genoa in 1227 that would send it tumbling down into more and more, it was getting closer to being on equal footing, even participating with genoa on some ventures like crusades and cyprus other ligurian republics like albenga and ventimiglia also thrived in this time, but genoa was just too strong, and though the rest all put their faith in the emperor against the sole guelph (papal-aligned) state of genoa (technically noli too but it was tiny and irrelevant and just became genoa's lapdog to keep its independence until napoleon), savona and co. just weren't able to stop the constant relentless assault of genoa; it did take until 1528 for savona's final subjugation though

series of books with documents and treaties about the history of the Duchy of Luxembourg during the middle ages https://luxemburgensia.bnl.lu/cgi/luxonline1_2.pl?action=co&sid=urku_quell

also made this today https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLkrAmUYt2HcOxsfEu1Pe4jZhpLEIuQeKH

Did you guys know I have a folder with all research documents for my videos? https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/1msQSPlK746jxpP5AZqkrJBnQyo9PqYoA

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In Google books when you get a preview, you can paste the last part of it in quotations "like this" and the preview it gives you with that is the part starting with that

Well, sort of. One thing mappers often do (a mistake in my option) is to distinguish between occupied areas and regular control. In medieval Germany at least, if you conquered the main castle of a lordship for example, you are for all intents and purposes the new lord of that castle. To show it as occupied is just a meaningless detail. On top of this, There weren't frontlines/trenches at this time, so pinning down an occupied area is very difficult (it's arguably also meaningless). So for the medieval period, I won't actually be showing areas as occupied; if an area changes hands due to a military conflict, I will simply make it part of the state that's conquered it. These parameters are different for the early modern period, so I will make a distinction for occupied areas from the Italian Wars onwards. @fabulous Dodolulupepe Ji 姬 has argued I push this back slightly to the wars in Lombardy, but yeah it'll be around the 1400s when I start doing that in any case.

this is useful but basic

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1KgMj_KPkxCtmhzMnJDykD-LhPIL64hr0uAbb4Znrjd0/edit?usp=sharing

use sites like https://www.landkartenarchiv.de/ https://gallica.bnf.fr/html/und/cartes/cartes https://www.oldmapsonline.org/en https://uwm.edu/lib-collections/agsl-digital-map-collection/ https://www.davidrumsey.com/ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/305945 to find maps

https://borysk5.github.io/

the day i come here and show something that resembles the outline of the kineshma okrug is the day yall can send me to the psych ward

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Generate proxy media, set timeline proxy resolution to Quarter, and Render Cache to Smart

Almohad conquest of Ifriqia

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@User Not Found https://gofile.io/d/Cnp7Kv

https://books.google.de/books?id=eDlbAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA1-PA13&lpg=RA1-PA13&dq=calucones&source=bl&ots=9aNsWtOX-B&sig=ACfU3U1dmG7O_-KZLlprEmJW1wADHbdUfA&hl=de&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwipwZmwhOOFAxX59bsIHRxMB1Y4ChDoAXoECAMQAw#v=onepage&q=calucones&f=false

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Niepodleg%C5%82o%C5%9B%C4%87_Polski_dzie%C5%84_po_dniu.gif

Here. It's png so some parts are too dark to read... but is in a good resolution, you just have to zoom in.

then just line it up (use the sides because corner is confusing (this only works if the format is equirectangular)

@User Not Found https://archive.org/search?query=Robert+Hewsen

There's online map of iraq PKK insurgency https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=1EXnjz0SpWMkoWtYnE_8h3BGmAiITbuLy&ll=34.45306777821909%2C43.33289396138558&z=7

It's kind of complicated, but it should make sense when you do it. 1) Draw the shape or shapes you want to have an outline around, and add any text you want. Make sure the shapes have a thin black outline as well. 2) Duplicate all the shapes, and merge them into one object. I set its Fill to black in the images below, but you don't have to). 3) Navigate to the _Paint Bucket Tool_, set its Growth/Shrink by to a negative value, and click on the shape. This may take a couple of attempts to get the right size; if you want to retry, delete the shape it creates first. I set the Fill to white in the images below, but again this isn't necessary. 4) Select the two objects we generated in steps 2 and 3, navigate to Path > Difference. This will cut the smaller shape out of the bigger one, leaving you with an outline. You can colour the outline's Fill as you wish, but make sure it's Stroke is set to 0 opacity. 5) As it stands, the thick outline is covering up the black outlines of the objects. To fix this, duplicate the original shapes again, set their Fill to 0 opacity, and make sure they're ordered above the thick outline.

How to create a map:- > - Download paint.net or any other software, if you're a beginner, I'd suggest you to use paint.net > > -Trace a base map (Also re-check whether you traced each and every pixel > > -Research (The most important component in creating a map) > > -Do not proceed making another slide of your map if it isn't satisfactorily accurate > > -Try to improve the accuracy of your map > > -Post it in discord/reddit ; tolerate & consider constructive criticism > > -Refrain from making errors/distorting historical events on-purpose > > -Get started, what're you waiting for?

# Mapping Guide: Step 1:

For those who are searching for a specific location in Brazil and can't find it on Google Maps. Try using the municipal maps of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, they are a good way of finding small towns that don't appear on other maps. Another good tool is the Brazilian Army's Geographic Database, which has very precise topographic maps that are a little old, but you may find a location there. BDGEx - https://bdgex.eb.mil.br/bdgexapp/mobile IBGE - https://cidades.ibge.gov.br

Here it is. Many hours of research and still not correct in some parts

Tip for MyMaps. Use the old icons to represent capitals, cities, towns or other locations, because they don't overlay icons for events or battles.

https://scholar.archive.org/work/g5556gof2rarvg35pjy47sc75y

700 AD it looked like this apparently

@User Not Found im going to guess that Lamata, which are believed to be Skalvians, were a pulka, fairly large in area but bit sparely populated bit, mentioned as lamata guys by teutons

@User Not Found here is one of the maps, all of the dots count as pulkas

How I do outlines in Paint.NET: 1. Select the regions you wanna make an outline for using the magic wand (use shift+click with the magic wand to select all regions of the same color) 2. Make a new layer, and fill the selection with a random color in that new layer 3. While keeping the selection active, go to Effects > Stylize > Outline 4. Set the Intensity to the maximum (100) and use the Thickness slider to adjust the width of the outline. Hit OK 5. Delete the unnecessary filling (in white), and recolor and merge the layers according to your wishes

Website to turn Coordinates from Degrees-Minutes-Seconds to Decimals https://planetcalc.com/1129/ Useful for georeferencing

also to prevent the hillshade texture from being too grainy you have to change the Resampling to Cubic

the map ive been procrastinating doing for like a month and some more is finally done, if any of you notice any mistakes let me know, ill fix them tomorrow and then upload it, but until then its technically not done, but yea ill post it into resources and online tomorrow

https://sejarah-nusantara.anri.go.id/daily_journals_volumes/

lil something like this

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dunno if this applies to your map, but from what I read the Caucasus Huns inhabited areas from the Sulak river basin to the Derbent gates

https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/758151324067561474/1086672225983275089/image.png

This is a very useful tool for translating some French texts (after all, a lot of historical texts and other important resources are written in French). Here's a summarized version of these tricks: 1. Change the é at the beginning of words to an s (for example épouse -> spouse, éponge -> sponge, étudiant -> stud(e)nt). A few words might be a bit tricky, like état or école, but it's easy to understand with some phonetic gymnastics. 2. When encountering letters with hats (like Ô, Â, Ê), place an s after that letter. For example, forêt -> forest or hôpital -> hospital. 3. Change gu in French words to w in order to convert them to English. For example, Guillaume -> Will(ia)m or guerre -> w(a)r.

dont trust google

History of the Bieszczady Mountains c. 970: Boleslaus II of Bohemia conquers the Bieszczady Mountains 981: Vladimir the Great of Rus' takes the areas north of the Bieszczadys during one of his conquests 999: Boleslaus II dies and Vladimir takes over the rest of the mountains 1018: During the Kievan succession crisis, Bolesław I of Poland takes over the Bieszczady Mountains following an expedition to Kiev 1031: Yaroslav I reconquers the mountains from Poland 1070: Bolesław II of Poland reconquers the Bieszczadys once again c. 1076: The Rus' retakes the Bieszczadys 1085: Principality of Peremyshl is formed with the Bieszczadys as part of it 1141: The principalities of Peremyshl, Zvenigorod and Terebovlia form the Principality of Halych 1199: The Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia takes control of the Bieszczady Mountains 1340: The Peremyshl Land is taken over by the Polish 1345: Peremyshl, Sanok etc becomes part of Lithuania 1352: The Principality of Galicia once again conquers the Bieszczadys 1370: The Hungarian king Louis I takes over Galicia 1387: The Bieszczadys are attached to Poland by Queen Jadwiga 1434: Ruthenia Voivodeship is formed with the Bieszczadys part of it 1569: The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is formed 1772: The Bieszczadys, following the First Partition of Poland, are incorporated into the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria 1914: A Russian occupation force retreats back to their homeland following the Battle of Limanowa 1918: The Western Ukrainian People's Republic (WUPR) takes control of the Bieszczadys from Austria-Hungary 1918: The Lemko Republic takes control of Sanok 1919: The WUPR and Lemko Republic fall to Poland 1921: Poland's borders, including the claim on the Bieszczadys, are recognized internationally 1939: The Bieszczadys are divided between the German Reich and Soviet Union following their invasion of Poland 1945: Poland's new borders in the Bieszczadys are the same as those proclaimed following the invasion

here is the only one source i have, it shows invasion of kiev, but there are more of these for sure

Events of the Polish intervention in the Kievan war of succession (1018) June: Bolesław prepares his troops July 1-22: Bolesław leads his troops to the Southern Bug and also conquers Volhynia while Pechengs approach Kiev from the south July 23: Battle of the River Bug occurs somewhere near today's Volodymyr July 23: Pechengs begin their siege of Kiev August 14: Bolesław I's army arrives in Kiev and captures the city Unknown date, circa September 1 ("not long after the fall of Kiev" according to the Primary Chronicle): Bolesław I is forced to flee Kiev

To find soviet academic articles on the Scythians, you must do your search in Russian. Meaning you can translate your search from English to Russian and then you copy and paste the Russian in Google Scholar. I have a multitude of translation and document access tools to help you research. Let me list them here: (For accessing books) https://annas-archive.org/ https://libgen.is/search.php (For accessing documents/articles and also getting documents) https://www.sci-hub.st/ https://www.jstor.org/ https://www.academia.si/en/ https://www.researchgate.net/ (Translation) https://translate.yandex.com/ Before you use one of your free 100 articles on JSTOR, make sure if you can access it through sci-hub. Sci-hub finds documents based on their number DOI (Digital Object Identification).

Btw guys if you're ever mapping Scythians, translate archaeological research documents made by Soviet scholars, I swear this will save you so much time of finding sources in English.

cuz that doesn't appear in the audit logs

Map of Africa by Treaty Volume I All British Colonies, Protectorates and Possessions in Africa https://ia800809.us.archive.org/15/items/mapofafricabytr01hert/mapofafricabytr01hert.pdf 498 pages of absolute gold, volumes II & III available on Internet Archive

>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Tartessos_500_BCE.jpg Tartessos in 500 BCE >https://destinoysabor.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/105b4968caeb4e4169b34c987ac48b01.jpg Closeup on the Tartessian core circa 1000 BCE Coudln't find any detailed map on Carthage, but this may also be useful https://www.ub.edu/geocrit/aracne/aracne-135.htm

Unfinished Polish highways by date they are promised to be finished: A18 (Olszyna-Krzyżowa): 2023 A2 (Kałuszyn-Biała Podlaska): 2024 A50 (Warsaw bypass): 2027

A4 and A6 sections by date of finished construction A4 (Jędrzychowice-Zgorzelec): 1994 A4 (Kleszczów-Mysłowice): 1996 A4 (Bielany Wrocławskie-Przylesie): 2000 A4 (Przylesie-Nogowczyce): 2003 A4 (Nogowczyce-Kleszczów): 2003 A4 (Kleszczów-Katowice): 2005 A4 (Krzyżowa-Bielany Wrocławskie): 2006 A6 (Szczecin bypass): 2007 A4 (Zgorzelec-Krzyżowa): 2009 A4 (Kraków bypass): 2009 A4 (Kraków-Szarów): 2009 A4 (Rzeszów bypass): 2012 A4 (Szarów-Tarnów): 2013 A4 (Dębica-Rzeszów): 2013 A4 (Jarosław-Korczowa): 2013 A4 (Tarnów-Dębica): 2014 A4 (Rzeszów-Jarosław): 2016 + A8, which is a Wrocław bypass built in 2011

20 largest Polish cities by the date they were given city rights 1214: Wrocław 1233: Toruń 1243: Szczecin 1250: Gliwice 1253: Poznań 1257: Kraków 1263: Gdańsk 1295: Kielce 1323: Warsaw 1317: Lublin 1346: Bydgoszcz 1353: Olsztyn 1354: Rzeszów 1356: Częstochowa 1364: Radom 1423: Łódź 1692: Białystok 1865: Katowice 1902: Sosnowiec 1926: Gdynia

Civil War battles in Alabama by date April 23, 1862: Siege of Bridgeport - Northeast Alabama occupied by Union forces April 28, 1862: Skirmish at Paint Rock Bridge - Further Union advances into Northeast Alabama April 30, 1863: Battle of Day's Gap - Successful attack on and Union occupation of Northwest Alabama January 26, 1864: Battle of Athens - Failed attack on a Union outpost in Northern Alabama August 5, 1864: Battle of Mobile Bay - Fall of Mobile Bay to the Union September 25, 1864: Battle of Sulphur Creek Trestle - Athens, Alabama falls to the Confederates October 21, 1864: Battle of Cherokee Station - Successful Union occupation of northwest Alabama October 29, 1864: Battle of Decatur - Successful Union defence of Northern Alabama March 14, 1865: Battle of Newton - Confederate forces force Union forces out of southwest Alabama April 1, 1865: Battle of Ebenezer Church - Significant Union advances into Central Alabama April 2, 1865: Battle of Selma - Continuation of Central Alabama raid April 8, 1865: Battle of Spanish Fort - Union capture of Mobile, Alabama April 9, 1865: Battle of Fort Blakeley - Successful Union capture of Southern Alabama; CSA as a whole surrenders shortly after April 23, 1865: Battle of Munford - Union control spreads further across Alabama; final battle of the Civil War

British governors of the Thirteen Colonies by date of overthrow June 13, 1775: New Hampshire (John Wentworth) July 20, 1775: North Carolina (Josiah Martin) September 15, 1775: South Carolina (William Campbell) October 11, 1775: Massachusetts (Thomas Gage) January 1776: New Jersey (William Franklin) July 20, 1776: Rhode Island (Nicholas Cooke) July 1776: Virginia (John Murray) September 26, 1776: Pennsylvania & Delaware (John Penn) October 10, 1776: Connecticut (Jonathan Trumbull) July 11, 1782: Georgia (James Wright) November 25, 1783: New York (Andrew Elliot)

Plymouth Colony cities by date of founding: 1620: Plymouth 1636: Scituate 1637: Duxbury 1639: Sandwich, Yarmouth, Taunton 1640: Marshfield 1645: Rehoboth 1646: Eastham 1650: Barnstable 1656: Bridgewater 1664: Dartmouth 1667: Swansea 1669: Middleborough 1683: Freetown 1686: Falmouth, Rochester

Thirteen Colonies by date of founding 1606: Colony of Virginia May 4, 1607: Popham Colony (abandoned 1608) November 21, 1620: Plymouth Colony (merged with Massachusetts Bay Colony 1691) August 10, 1622: Province of Maine (merged into Massachusetts Bay Colony 1658) March 2, 1628: Massachusetts Bay Colony (merged with Plymouth Colony 1691) 1629: Province of New Hampshire October 30, 1629: Province of Carolina (divided into North and South Carolina 1712) June 20, 1632: Province of Maryland autumn 1635: Saybrook Colony (merged into Connecticut Colony 1644) March 3, 1636: Connecticut Colony June 1636: Providence Plantations (merged into Rhode Island and Providence Plantations 1663) April 14, 1638: New Haven Colony (merged into Connecticut Colony 1664) May 12, 1639: Portsmouth Colony (merged into Rhode Island and Providence Plantations 1663) 1642: Warwick Colony (merged into Rhode Island and Providence Plantations 1663) July 8, 1663: Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations August 24, 1667: Delaware Colony, Province of New York, Province of New Jersey July 1, 1674: East & West Jersey (merged back into New Jersey 1702) 1681: Province of Pennsylvania January 24, 1712: Province of North Carolina, Province of South Carolina June 9, 1732: Province of Georgia

Why people view Orion negatively: Advertised his maps after a suicide announcement to the randoms who came on the server from the ping Is awful at taking criticism, countless times when he is criticized, he will just ignore it, and if the criticism is damning enough, he will pretend that he came up with it himself, still ignoring everyone else Is lazy with map-making, pretty much ignoring textual sources entirely, only relying on tracing maps and constantly asking people for shapefiles Made insensitive comments about religion, and posted maps from Lord of the Rings in #resources after I posted some Biblical maps that I had Huge ego, has many signs of narcissism and sociopathy Has gone after Pierre's suicidal nature with targeted comments Deflects any criticism with messages such as „lol”, which is a form of passive aggressiveness, and sometimes replies to something totally unrelated to try to divert the conversation, such as in one situation where he called a map I posted a while back „🤢” to try to deflect his present criticism Is frequently observed in debates trying to „recruit” the person who he believes is most likely onto his side through strange means Constantly asks people for help with various things in his maps that he is perfectly capable of doing himself Thinks he knows better than everyone else in a lot of topics, such as when he corrected an Arabic speaker on Arabic pronunciation, when he does not even know Arabic In the past, he has constantly spammed the DMs of people who clearly do not care with random things When someone answers somebody else's question, he repeats the answer that they gave right after, pretending that he came up with it himself * He keeps trying to speak in various foreign languages to people out of the blue, to try to appear smart and to make it so other people do not know what he is saying I could go on and on, but this should be enough

list of diadochi rulers idk (part 1) Perdikkas: (lived 355-321/320 BCE, ruled 323-321/320 BCE) a noble from the Orestis royal family, and leader of the Hetairoi from 324 to 323 BCE, he was given Alexandros III's finger ring in his deathbed, so he was appointed as regent of the entire empire upon his death in 323 BCE. He campaigned in Asia Minor in 322 BCE to strengthen his authority. He married Nikaia, the daughter of Antipatros but broke off the engagement to try to marry Olympias, Alexandros III's mother, which caused a rebellion in Macedon and Egypt, which got him killed in 321/320 BCE Philippos III Arrhidaios: (lived 359-317 BCE, "ruled" 11 Jun 323 BCE-317 BCE) Mentally disabled half-brother of Alexandros III, he might have gotten disabled by a plot by Olympias, the mother of Alexandros III to make her child the only legitimate successor. After the death of Alexandros he was married to Eurydike, who effectively was more of a leader than him. He was killed in 317 BCE by Olympias of Epeiros in battle Neoptolemos: (lived ?-321 BCE, ruled 323-321 BCE) A hetairoi of the Epirote Aiakid dynasty, he got assigned Armenia upon the death of Alexandros, where he campaigned. He was then under Eumenes but betrayed him when he was on campaign against Krateros and Antipatros. He was killed in the Battle of the Hellespont, supposedly by Eumenes himself Krateros: (lived 370-321 BCE) A noble from Orestis, and phalanx commander through most of Alexandros III's campaigns, he was moving with 11,500 veterans to replace Antipatros as governor when Alexandros died. He crossed into Europe to help Antipatros in the Lamian War, acting as his general until getting killed in the Battle of the Hellespont by Eumenes' army Alexandros IV: (lived 323-309 BCE, "ruled" 317-309 BCE) Son of Alexandros III, he never got a chance to rule, even when the peace treaty of 311 BCE dictated he would be given rulership upon his adulthood. He was forced to take poison by Kassandros when he turned 14

481: Theodoric Strabo dies, and so his domain is off the map. Every next mention of Theodoric is of Theodoric the Great. 482: Theodoric makes an offensive against the Romans in Greece reaching "as far as Larissa". 483: Theodoric makes peace with the Romans and is granted Dacia Ripensis and "parts of Lower Moesia". 484: Theodoric rules as council and kills Strabo's son Rekitach. 485: Nothing definitive; Theodoric and the Roman Empire are at peace. 486: Theodoric goes to war with the Romans again, "plundering Thrace". 487: Theodoric puts Constantinople under siege, but with no intent to take the city. 488: Theodoric returns to Novae-Svishtov, and is convinced to leave Thrace/Moesia for Italy by Emperor Zeno. Late 488: Theodoric kills Gepid King Thraustila at Sirmium and holds the city for a few months. 489: Theodoric marches through Pannonia to Italy.

-Paphlagonian kingdom -Isauria -Homonadeis -Isinda (likely but unconfirmed vassal of rome) -Termessos (definite roman "ally" vassal) -Pednelissos (Roman vassal) -Selge (probably independent but unconfirmed) -Kibyra (Roman vassal) -Oinoanda (Roman vassal) -Adada -Etenna -Kotenna -Halikarnassos -Sillyon -Derbe -Klitai (tribe) -Lalasis -Anemourion -Olbe (Roman vassal) -Troy (Roman vassal) -Lampsakos (Roman vassal)

Cretan League (all of crete) Phocian League Macedonian League Laconian League Delphic League (Delphi, Doris, Oetaea/Ainis, West Locris) Rhodes (Including a few settlements in the carian coast, Karpathos and that other island next to it) Euboean League Acarnanian League Delos Magnesian League Karthaia and Ioulis on the island of Keos Astypalaia Ephesos Priene Ptolemais/Lebedos Chios Erythrai Klazomenai Knidos Pergamon (with its port of Elaia) Mytilene Methymna Eresos Athens

481: Clovis begins his rule 486: Battle of Soissons; Syagrius defeated and later captured, but his holdings aren’t immediately captured. c.490: Almost all of Roman Gaul captured by the Franks, they reach the Loire. 491: Defeat and conquest of partial Thuringian territory. 492-498: Raids into Visigoth Gaul 496: Franks defeat Alemanni in the Battle of Tolbiac: As far as I’m aware, no territorial changes. 496: Paris finally falls to the Franks after holding out for ten years. 500-501: Burgundian Civil War; Clovis invades and sieges Avignon, but lifts the siege and returns home. 502: Meeting of “eternal peace” between Clovis and Alaric II (Visigoths). c.505: Romans convince Clovis to attack the Visigoths due to their heresy (they were Arians). 506: Franks defeat Alemanni at Strasbourg; the Alemanni completely abandon their homeland and the Franks claim it as theirs 507: Battle of Vouille, Visigoths defeated and Alaric killed. By winter Clovis is in Bordeaux 508: Toulouse captured by Clovis. 509: Theodoric’s Ostrogothic army under Theudis attacks and defeats the Burgundians and Franks in a few battles. Maybe around 509, I never got this far lol: Toulouse is briefly recaptured. 509: Clovis kills all of his rival kings and becomes the sole ruler of all Franks. 511: As far as I know, the Visigoths and Franks make peace. 27 Nov 511: Clovis dies, his kingdom being partitioned by his four sons.

Frontlines that look like this are such a red flag

https://hpolities.euratlas.net/ is pretty good for 1200 Voltaire's New Nightmare is pretty good for 1444 and my map is pretty good for 1453

i tried my best making a map of "with detail, without detail, and fake detail"

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Xv4IBB6POGhZmxJuDazT7M5_Y9QkW8AeBqAza7y4kZU/edit?usp=sharing

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Aghlabid dynasty and its surroundings in 888 A.D.

http://elasticterrain.xyz/map/ If anyone else wants to use it.

Notice to all people showing Lake Balaton: Beware of the 19th century artificial water lowering (if you're wondering when it was lowered, it was when the Sio lock opened in 1863)

I saw before on this server some theses that bad and wrong mapping videos can affect science and peoples knowledge. And also some time ago my parents accidentally discovered my youtube chanel. One of them, my dad is professional historian. And he said that some professors and historians are using these videos commonly as a visualisations and "modern kind" of sources especially during an academic lecture. So yes, this theory is true. Bad mapping videos can affect science or at least knowledge of professionals when they are not careful enough...

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900s-1204 byzantine/ere flag > The flag here consists of the Roman flag that had been used since the abandonment of the Khi-Rho standard started by Constantine I, a red banner and a golden cross, which later had four golden X's added to it (these being the Greek K's, they relating the Khristos, or Christ), then the X's were replaced by four golden circles (the edition used in the mod). If anyone knows what these circles may have symbolized, please let me know. Other flags in the picture above are military flags, save the one with the golden cross. > > Upon the recapture of Constantinople by Greco-Roman Nikaean forces in 1261, the revived Empire of the Romans under the Palaiologos dynasty (this second Roman Empire essentially being a Greek kingdom) had its flag updated to the more recognizeable edition with the four B's. This B flag design was also found dating to the early pre-Sack 1200's, meaning that perhaps someone during the reign of the Angelos dynasty was already making designs for the future adopted flag. -- from: https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=1580336657

info on byzantine/eastern roman/ere flags image: more historically accurate to have it without the golden wreath > The Khi-Rho flag fell out of use following the 6th Century, then being replaced by a red banner witha gold cross. This would later have Greek χ's be put in the empty red pockets (these standing for Khristos, or Christ); Then for some reason they switched to gold circles. Roman Emperor Romanus II Diogenes made a new design but after his defeat at Manzikert that was abandoned due to the perceived taint his defeat had on the flag. Going back tot he variant with four circles, it would continue to be sued until the fall of the Roman Empire in 1204, its 1261 resurrection giving a newer design with the recognizable four B's. > > > Use of the Labarum Chi Rho flag started duiring the rise of Constantine the Great just before the Battle of Milvian Bridge in 312 and officially became the flag of the Roman Empire with the end of the Tetarchy and the cementing of the Dominante government system (Emperor having unlimited power) in 325. It would fall out of fashion after the 500's > Imperial double eagle > It was historically never used as a national flag for the Roman Empire, but it was the dyastic symbol for the Palaiologos dynasty. After 1453, the East Orthodox Church used the symbol to show their closeness to the historical Roman Empire with it's last dynasty, and it would later play an important role in propaganda symbolage by the Russian Empire. > design proposed by Romanos II > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanos_IV_Diogenes#Campaign_of_1069 > "" ...depicts a cross quartered with the letters ϹΒΡΔ for the motto Σταυρὲ σου βοήθει Ρωμανόν δεσπότην ("Thy Cross aid the Lord Romanos")."" > The Chi-Rho was actually sometimes used alongside wreaths. -- from https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=933739300